Steam-engine or the like.



Patunted Fe'b. I8, |902. F. J. E. JOHANSSDN. STEAM ENGINE 0B THE-LIKE.

(Application tiled Feb. 2S, 1901.)

' 5 sheet;'-shei Illl (No Model.)

MTM/@.55 es Patented Feb. I8, |902. F. J. E. JUHANSSON.

STEAM ENGINE 0B THE LlKE.

(Application med Feb. 2s, 1901.)

5 sheets-snm' 2.

@No Model.)

No. 693,522. Patented Feb. la.v |902.

F. .1. E. JmumssuN.

STEAM ENGINE 0B THE LIKE.

Y (Application med Feb. 2s, 1901.) (No Model.)

5 sheets-sheet 3.

1m: xmms paens co.4 vuoraumo.. wlnmuown, n. c.

No. 693,522. A Patented Feb. la, |902.

- F. J. E. JUHANssoN.

-STEAM ENGINE 0B THELIKE.

(Application mea Feb. 2a, 1901.)

` 5 Sheets-.Sheet 4.

(Hu'Model.)

nu. 693,522. rammed Feb. la, |902. F. .1. E. JoHA-us'son.

STEAM ENGINE 0R THELLIKE. (Application Bled Feb-28, A1901.) (No Model.)

Sheets-Sheet 5.

UNrrinD vSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANS JOHAN EMIL J OI-IANSSON OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDE.

STEAM-ENGINE OR THE LIKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 693,522, dated February 18, 1902'.

Application filed February 28, 1901. Serial No. 49,364. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom zit' may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANS JOHAN EMIL JOHANSSON, a subject of the King of Sweden and Norway, and a resident of Stockholm, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines or the Like Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the drawings accompanying and forming a part hereof.

This invention relates to steamengines or the like.

The object of the invention is to provide an engine which will at the same time occupy a small room, be cheap to build and maintain, and in which the expansion system may be easily employed in a high degree,whereby the engine will be economical as regards the consumption of steam.

The invention consists principally in placing around the driving-shaft of two groups of cylinders, preferably of different sizes, one behind the other, and locating between these two groups of cylinders a distributing-valve secured to the shaft, said distributing-valve, by means of suitable passages, controlling the admission and discharge of steam to and from all the cylinders, and by placing at each end of the engine a drum provided with cam-surfaces and secured to the shaft, on which drums the pistons of both groups of cylinders act axially in opposite directions. In this manner even quadruple-expansion engines can be produced at about the same cost as the ordinary high-pressure engines, and, moreover, an engine according to the present invention occupies a much smaller space than a crankengine with the same rate of expansion aud developing the same power.

The invention further consists in the combination and arrangements of parts herein-V treme positions. Fig. 5 shows a cross-sec- Aslides 10.

tion on line E F in Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrow, and Figs. 6 and 7 show the valve from diiferent sides.

In a case composed of two parts 1 and 2 are eight cylinders of four different sizes, four in each part; All the cylinders are parallel to a shaft 3, passing through the case 1 2 and suitably journaled in saine. In the cylinders 4 4, 5 5, 6 6, 7 7 are located pistons 41 41, 51 51, 61 61, 71 7l, which are made hollow to gain a saving in weight and space. At the bottoms of the cylinders are jointed forks 8, each carrying a shaft 9, the ends of which engage with The latter run in corresponding grooves 11 in the Walls ot' the cylinders. On each shaft 9 is journaled a roller or wheel 12 between the prongs of the fork. During the running of the engine these rollers or wheels run on the cam-surfaces of the drums 13 14. The object of the slides 10 and the joint connection between the pistons and the forks is to absorb the lateral pressure which would otherwise be brought to bear on the pistons during the running of the rollers on the camsurfaces.

the high-pressure steam. The said valve 17 is secured to the shaft and provided with apertures and passages effecting the admission and discharge of the steam to and from all the cylinders, as will be more fully described below. On the shaft 3 is secured a belt-pulley 18, which suitably serves as a fly-wheel.

The engine operates as follows: In Figs. 1 and 3 the pistons 41 41 and 61 6l occupy their inner eX trem e positions,while the pistons 51 51 and 71 71 occupy their outer extreme positions. The valve 17 at the same time is in such a position that the high-pressure steam admitted through the admission-pipe 15 into the annular space 16 ilows into the high-pressure cylinders 4 4 through the valve-apertures 18 19 and apertures 2O 21 in the part 1 of the case 1 2. Further, the cylinders 5 5 communicate with the cylinders 6 6 through apertures 23 24 in the part 2 of the case 1 2 and a valve passage or port 25 (compare Fig. 7) and apertures 26 27, Fig. 3, in the part 2 of the case 1 2, so that the steam inY the cylinders Between the two parts 1 2 of the case and in a recess of one of said parts 2- lIO 5 5 expands into the cylinders 6 6. Finally the cylinders 7 7 communicate with exhaustpassages 33 34 (compare Fig. 5) and the exhaust-pipe 35 through apertures 2S 29 in the part 1 of the case 1 2 and valve-passages 30 31 and an annular space 32 in the part 2 of the case 1 2. In consequence of the connections described the cylinder-pistons move into the positions shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the pistons 41 41 61 6l meantime by means of the drums 13 14 rotating the shaft 3 through one-quarter of a revolution,while the pistons 51 51 71 71 are forced into their cylinders by the cam-su rfaces of the drums. When the pistons have arrived at the positions shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the condition will be as follows: The cylinders 4 4, Fig. 2, communicate each with one cylinder through the apertures 2O 21, valveapertures 36 37, and the apertures 23 24, the steam expanding through the valve to the cylinders 5 5. At the same time the cylinders 6 6, Fig. 4, are in communication with the cylinders 7 7 through the apertures 26 27, valveapertures 38 39, and the apertures 2S 29, the steam here also expanding through the valve 17 to the cylinders 7 7. The shaft meantime is rotated through another quarter of 'a revolution, this time-by the pistons 51 51 71 7l. When this one-quarter revolution has been completed, all pistons are in their initial positions, (shown in Figs. 1 and 3,) fresh steam now flowing into the high-pressure cylinders 4 4 and the cycle described above beingrepeated.

From the above it is evident that fresh steam is admitted twice in each revolution of the shaft and that consequently all cylinders are filled and emptied twice in this time. It is readily understood, however, that only one vsingle admission of fresh steam in each revolution may be obtained-Viz., by providing each drum 13 14 with one cam only and employing only four cylinders of different sizes, two on each side of the valve-or that three or more admissions of fresh steam in each revolution can be provided for by increasing the number of cams on the drums 13 14 and correspondingly increasing the number of cylinders. Such moditicatbns depend on the ratio desired between the number of revolu-` tions of the shaft and the number of pistonstrokes in each cylinder.

The valve-port 25, by which communication is brought about between the four cylinders 5 5 6 G, arranged side by side in pairs, is arranged symmetrically in order to admit of running the engine in both directions, as desired. In starting the engine it is only necessary to turn the axle 3 so as to place the rollers 12 on one side or the other of the campoints, and the engine will immediately commence running in the desired direction.

A modification of the above-described enited to quadruple engines, as shown, but may be built with any number of cylinders and for single, compound, triple, quadruple, or any number of expansions by properly arranging the cylinders, nor to the precise carrying out of the details, since those and other such modifications may be made without de- Viating from my invention, as will be well understood by those skilled in the art.

Engines of this kind are simple and cheap to build, having fewer parts than corresponding engines of the types hitherto known. They are cheap to maintain,since most of the wearing partsmay be provided with roller-bearings and may, moreover, entirely run in oil. By arranging that two pistons are working on different drums at the same time the axial pressurewill be well balanced, thereby reducing the end thrust to a Very small minimum or next to nothing. Byhaving two cylinders at each end working in the same direction at the same time the bending on the drums and shaft will be reduced to aminimum. The engine being very compact, the loss by condensation is red uced to a minimum even without steam-jacketing, which latter, however, may be very easily applied. By using several successive expansions the consu mption of steam may be comparatively low for a certain ee'ct.-

For the sake of simplicity the dimensions, dir/c., shown in the drawings are chosen arbitrarily, since the most advantageous dimensions will be well understood by those skilled in the art'.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent, isv

Inasteam-engine,the co1nbination,ofadriving-shaft, cam-drums secured to said shaft, two sets of high and low pressure steam cylinders arranged axially around said shaft,pis tons for said cylinders, the pistons of each set of cylinders engaging with one of said camdrums, and distributing-valves common to both sets of cylinders, substantially as and :for the purpose set forth.

- I testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANS JOHAN lllllh JOIIANSSON. Witnesses:

J oHN JoHANssoN, GUs'rAF TsPAU.

IOO

IIO 

